S&w M&p M20 Compact 9mm Laser Sight Reviews
| S | |
|---|---|
| Southward due south ſ | |
| (Encounter below) | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing arrangement | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabetic and Logographic |
| Language of origin | Latin linguistic communication |
| Phonetic usage |
|
| Unicode codepoint | U+0053, U+0073 |
| Alphabetical position | 19 |
| History | |
| Evolution |
|
| Time catamenia | ~-700 to nowadays |
| Descendants |
|
| Sisters |
|
| Variations | (See beneath) |
| Other | |
| Other letters commonly used with | southward(ten), sh, sz |
S, or southward, is the nineteenth letter in the Modernistic English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its proper name in English is ess [1] (pronounced ), plural esses.[2]
History
Origin
Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ (as in 'ship'). It originated most likely every bit a pictogram of a tooth ( שנא ) and represented the phoneme /ʃ/ via the acrophonic principle.[3]
Ancient Greek did not have a /ʃ/ phoneme, and so the derived Greek letter sigma ( Σ ) came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant /due south/. While the alphabetic character shape Σ continues Phoenician šîn, its name sigma is taken from the alphabetic character samekh, while the shape and position of samekh but proper name of šîn is continued in the eleven.[ citation needed ] Inside Greek, the name of sigma was influenced by its association with the Greek word σίζω (earlier *sigj- ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been san, but due to the complicated early on history of the Greek epichoric alphabets, "san" came to be identified every bit a split up letter of the alphabet, Ϻ.[4] Herodotus reports that "San" was the name given by the Dorians to the same letter chosen "Sigma" past the Ionians.[5]
The Western Greek alphabet used in Cumae was adopted by the Etruscans and Latins in the 7th century BC, over the following centuries developing into a range of Old Italic alphabets including the Etruscan alphabet and the early Latin alphabet. In Etruscan, the value /due south/ of Greek sigma (𐌔) was maintained, while san (𐌑) represented a separate phoneme, most likely /ʃ/ (transliterated as ś). The early Latin alphabet adopted sigma, just not san, equally Quondam Latin did not have a /ʃ/ phoneme.
The shape of Latin S arises from Greek Σ by dropping 1 out of the four strokes of that letter of the alphabet. The (angular) S-shape equanimous of three strokes existed as a variant of the 4-stroke letter Σ already in the epigraphy in Western Greek alphabets, and the three and four strokes variants existed aslope one another in the classical Etruscan alphabet. In other Italic alphabets (Venetic, Lepontic), the letter could be represented every bit a zig-zagging line of whatever number between iii and six strokes.
The Italic letter was also adopted into Elder Futhark, as Sowilō (ᛊ), and appears with four to eight strokes in the primeval runic inscriptions, but is occasionally reduced to three strokes (ᛋ) from the later 5th century, and appears regularly with iii strokes in Younger Futhark.
Long s
Late medieval German script (Swabian bastarda, dated 1496) illustrating the use of long and round s: prieſters tochter ("priest's daughter").
The minuscule course ſ, chosen the long due south, developed in the early medieval catamenia, inside the Visigothic and Carolingian hands, with predecessors in the half-uncial and cursive scripts of Late Artifact. It remained standard in western writing throughout the medieval menstruum and was adopted in early printing with movable types. Information technology existed aslope minuscule "round" or "curt" s, which was at the time only used at the end of words.
In almost western orthographies, the ſ gradually cruel out of apply during the second half of the 18th century, although it remained in occasional apply into the 19th century. In Espana, the change was mainly achieved between the years 1760 and 1766. In French republic, the change occurred between 1782 and 1793. Printers in the United States stopped using the long due south betwixt 1795 and 1810. In English orthography, the London printer John Bell (1745–1831) pioneered the change. His edition of Shakespeare, in 1785, was advertised with the merits that he "ventured to depart from the common mode by rejecting the long 'ſ' in favor of the round one, as being less liable to error....."[half-dozen] The Times of London made the switch from the long to the brusk s with its issue of 10 September 1803. Encyclopædia Britannica'southward fifth edition, completed in 1817, was the last edition to use the long s.
In German orthography, long s was retained in Fraktur (Schwabacher) type besides equally in standard cursive (Sütterlin) well into the 20th century, and was officially abolished in 1941.[7] The ligature of ſs (or ſz) was retained, yet, giving ascension to the Eszett, ß in contemporary German language orthography.
Utilize in writing systems
The letter ⟨s⟩ is the 7th most common letter in English and the third-most common consonant after ⟨t⟩ and ⟨n⟩.[viii] It is the almost common letter of the alphabet for the start letter of a word in the English language.[nine] [10]
In English and several other languages, primarily Western Romance ones like Spanish and French, final ⟨south⟩ is the usual mark of plural nouns. Information technology is the regular ending of English 3rd person present tense verbs.
⟨southward⟩ represents the voiceless alveolar or voiceless dental sibilant /s/ in nigh languages equally well equally in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It also commonly represents the voiced alveolar or voiced dental sibilant /z/, as in Portuguese mesa (tabular array) or English language 'rose' and 'bands', or it may stand for the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative [ʃ], equally in near Portuguese dialects when syllable-finally, in Hungarian, in German (before ⟨p⟩, ⟨t⟩) and some English words as 'carbohydrate', since yod-coalescence became a dominant feature, and [ʒ], as in English language 'measure out' (too because of yod-coalescence), European Portuguese Islão (Islam) or, in many sociolects of Brazilian Portuguese, esdrúxulo (proparoxytone) in some Andalusian dialects, it merged with Peninsular Spanish ⟨c⟩ and ⟨z⟩ and is now pronounced [θ]. In some English words of French origin, the letter ⟨s⟩ is silent, as in 'island' or 'droppings'. In Turkmen, ⟨south⟩ represents [θ].
The ⟨sh⟩ digraph for English /ʃ/ arises in Center English language (alongside ⟨sch⟩), replacing the Sometime English ⟨sc⟩ digraph. Similarly, Old Loftier German ⟨sc⟩ was replaced by ⟨sch⟩ in Early Modern German language orthography.
- ſ : Latin letter long south, an obsolete variant of due south
- ẜ ẝ : Various forms of long s were used for medieval scribal abbreviations[eleven]
- ẞ ß : German Eszett or "abrupt S", derived from a ligature of long southward followed past either due south or z
- S with diacritics: Ś ś Ṡ ṡ ẛ Ṩ ṩ Ṥ ṥ Ṣ ṣ S̩ s̩ Ꞩ ꞩ Ꟊꟊ[12] Ŝ ŝ Ṧ ṧ Š š Ş ş Ș ș S̈ s̈ ᶊ Ȿ ȿ ᵴ[thirteen] ᶳ[14]
- ₛ : Subscript small-scale s was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902[fifteen]
- ˢ : Modifier letter small s is used for phonetic transcription
- ꜱ : Small-scale capital letter S was used in the Icelandic First Grammatical Treatise to marking gemination[eleven]
- Ʂ ʂ : Due south with hook, used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the early typhoon version of pinyin romanization during the mid-1950s[16]
- Ƨ ƨ : Latin letter reversed S (used in Zhuang transliteration)
- IPA-specific symbols related to South: ʃ ɧ [ citation needed ] ʂ
- Ꞅ ꞅ : Insular S
Derived signs, symbols, and abbreviations
- $ : Dollar sign
- ₷ : Spesmilo
- § : Section sign
- ℠ : Service marking symbol
- ∫ : Integral symbol, brusque for summation (derived from long s)
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets
- 𐤔 : Semitic letter Shin, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Ս : Armenian alphabetic character Se
Calculating codes
| Preview | South | s | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN Capital letter Letter S | LATIN Minor LETTER S | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 83 | U+0053 | 115 | U+0073 |
| UTF-8 | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
| Numeric graphic symbol reference | S | S | s | s |
| ASCII 1 | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
- ane Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representations
Chemistry
The letter S is used:
- In a chemical formula to represent sulfur. For instance, So
ii is sulfur dioxide. - In the preferred IUPAC name for a chemical, to indicate a specific enantiomer. For instance, "(S)-2-(4-Chloro-two-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid" is one of the enantiomers of mecoprop.
Come across as well
- Cool South
- See near Ⓢ in Enclosed Alphanumerics
References
- ^ Spelled 'es'- in compound words
- ^ "S", Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster'south Tertiary New International Dictionary of the English Language, Entire (1993); "ess," op. cit.
- ^ "corresponds etymologically (in part, at least) to original Semitic ṯ (thursday), which was pronounced s in South Canaanite" Albright, W. F., "The Early on Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 110 (1948), p. 15. The interpretation as "molar" is at present prevalent, simply not entirely certain. The Encyclopaedia Judaica of 1972 reported that the letter represented a "composite bow".
- ^ Woodard, Roger D. (2006). "Alphabet". In Wilson, Nigel Guy. Encyclopedia of aboriginal Greece. London: Routldedge. p. 38.
- ^ " ...τὠυτὸ γράμμα, τὸ Δωριέες μὲν σὰν καλέουσι ,Ἴωνες δὲ σίγμα " ('...the same letter, which the Dorians call "San", simply the Ionians "Sigma"...'; Herodotus, Histories i.139); cf. Nick Nicholas, Not-Attic letters Archived 2012-06-28 at archive.today.
- ^ Stanley Morison, A Memoir of John Bell, 1745–1831 (1930, Cambridge Univ. Press) page 105; Daniel Berkeley Updike, Printing Types, Their History, Forms, and Use – a study in survivals (2d. ed, 1951, Harvard Academy Press) folio 293.
- ^ Lodge of 3 Jan 1941 to all public offices, signed by Martin Bormann. Kapr, Albert (1993). Fraktur: Class und Geschichte der gebrochenen Schriften. Mainz: H. Schmidt. p. 81. ISBN3-87439-260-0.
- ^ "English Letter Frequency". Archived from the original on 2014-05-23. Retrieved 2014-05-21 .
- ^ "Letter of the alphabet Frequencies in the English language Language". Retrieved July 2, 2021.
- ^ "Which English language Letter Has Maximum Words". June 25, 2012.
- ^ a b Everson, Michael; Baker, Peter; Emiliano, António; Grammel, Florian; Haugen, Odd Einar; Luft, Diana; Pedro, Susana; Schumacher, Gerd; Stötzner, Andreas (2006-01-30). "L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-xix. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Lilley, Chris (2019-05-26). "L2/19-179: Proposal for the addition of four Latin characters for Gaulish" (PDF).
- ^ Constable, Peter (2003-09-thirty). "L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Heart Tilde in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Constable, Peter (2004-04-19). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-ten-xi. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (2009-01-27). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-x-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Due west, Andrew; Chan, Eiso; Everson, Michael (2017-01-xvi). "L2/17-013: Proposal to encode iii uppercase Latin letters used in early on Pinyin" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2019-03-08 .
External links
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S